Edward Emerson Barnard, 16. Dezember 1857 - 06. Februar 1923
Er war einer der Pioniere für die Astrofotografie, insbesondere der Milchstraße. Viele seiner Aufnahmen von Emissions- und Dunkelnebeln sind bis heute unübertroffen.
Edward Barnard wurde als Sohn von Reuben Barnard und Elizabeth Jane geb. Haywood geboren. Sein Vater starb vor seiner Geburt, und der Sohn wuchs in ärmlichen Verhältnissen auf. Im Alter von neun Jahren wurde er Helfer in einem Fotostudio und erwies sich als technisch begabt. Als er auf der Straße eine beschädigte Linse fand, baute er damit sein erstes Fernrohr und begann mit Himmelsbeobachtungen.
Barnard war Autodidakt und konnte sich erst 1876 ein 5-Zoll-Teleskop kaufen; die 380 $ waren sein halber Jahresverdienst. Fünf Jahre später entdeckte er seinen ersten Kometen. In den folgenden Jahren war Barnard als Kometensucher so erfolgreich, dass er von den Prämien, die ein Sponsor für (US-amerikanische) Kometenentdeckungen ausgesetzt hatte, ein Haus für sich und seine junge Frau finanzieren konnte. Ein besonderer Fall war der von ihm 1885 entdeckte Komet 1886 II, dessen Bahn sich durch Bahnstörungen von einer langgestreckten Ellipse zu einer Hyperbelbahn wandelte.
Bei einer wissenschaftlichen Tagung lernte er Simon Newcomb kennen, der den wissenshungrigen jungen Mann motivierte, Mathematik zu lernen. Gleichzeitig erhielt er ein Stipendium für ein Studium an der Vanderbilt University, das er mit 30 Jahren abschloss. Danach wurde er 1888 Mitarbeiter am neu eingerichteten Lick-Observatorium mit dem damals weltgrößten 36 Zoll-Riesenteleskop.
1892 beobachtete er eine Nova und registrierte dabei als Erster eine sich ausdehnende Gaswolke. Hieraus leitete er ab, dass es sich um die Explosion eines Sterns handeln müsse. Im selben Jahr entdeckte er den 5. Jupitermond (Amalthea) - die erste Entdeckung eines Jupitermondes seit Galileo Galilei im Jahr 1610 - und gleichzeitig die letzte (?) derartige Entdeckung mittels visueller Beobachtung. Bald unternahm er erste Versuche in der Himmelsfotografie und entdeckte vier weitere kleine Jupitermonde.
1895 wurde Barnard Professor für Astronomie an der Universität Chicago. Zwei Jahre später wechselte er aus fachlichen und persönlichen Gründen zum Yerkes-Observatorium unter George Ellery Hale. Dort waren jedoch die atmosphärischen Bedingungen für seine geplante fotografische Milchstraßen-Durchmusterung nicht so günstig. So versuchte er 1904, die Mittel zu erhalten, um diese Aufnahmen auf dem Mount Wilson zu machen, wo Hale ein Sonnenobservatorium plante. Im Januar 1905 war es soweit: Mit dem Catherine-Bruce - Doppelastrografen mit der 10-Zoll-Optik (?) von John Brashear gelangen ihm die ersten langbelichteten Fotos. Bis zum Spätsommer produzierte er 480 Aufnahmen von hervorragender Qualität und in den Folgejahren insgesamt 4000. Sie wurden die Basis für seine Entdeckung (die er sich mit Max Wolf teilte), dass bestimmte dunkle Gebiete in der Milchstraße nicht Löcher im Sternenschleier sind, sondern im Gegenteil fein verteilte, aber ausgedehnte Staubmassen, die das Licht der dahinter liegenden Sterne absorbieren. In der Folge erstellte er einen Katalog derartiger Dunkelwolken, den Barnard-Katalog.
1916 entdeckte Barnard den schnellsten bekannten Schnellläufer unter den Fixsternen, den „Barnardschen Pfeilstern". Dieser ist bislang mit einer Entfernung von 5,94 Lichtjahren der unserem Sonnensystem zweitnächste Fixstern (nach Alpha Centauri mit 4,22 LJ). Weiters entdeckte er den großen Emissionsnebel, der den Orion-Komplex einhüllt („Barnards Loop"), sowie die nach ihm benannte Barnards Galaxie im Sternbild Schütze, die nahe Zwerggalaxie NGC 6822.
Quelle: Wikipedia
Zwischen 1881 und 1892 entdeckte Barnard 14 Kometen:
C/1881 S1
C/1882 R2
D / 1 Barnard
C/1885 N1
C/1885 X2
C/1887 B3
C/1887 D1
C/1887 J1
C/1888 U1
C/1888 R1
C/1889 G1
D / 2 Barnard
C/1891 T1
D / 3 Barnard
Anerkennung
Medaillen
Goldmedaille der Royal Astronomical Society
Bruce-Medaille
Nach ihm benannt
Barnard Krater auf dem Mond
Barnard Krater auf dem Mars
Barnard Region auf Ganymed
Asteroid 819 Barnardiana
Barnards Stern
Absorptionsnebel Barnard 68 im Ophiuchus.
E. E. Barnard's Catalog of Dark Nebulae
|
Data collected by Al Lamperti |
B # |
2000 Epoch R.A. Dec |
Dia. | Opacity1 | Barnard's Descriptions | UM2 Pg2 | Constellation | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 3 | 32 | 57 | +31 9 | 30 | 4 | Large, indefinite | 60 | Perseus |
2 | 3 | 33 | 31 | +32 19 | 20 | 4 | Indefinite; elongated SE and NW | 60 | Perseus |
3 | 3 | 40 | 1 | +31 58 | 20 | 5 | Irregular, dark space in nebula; curved, bright strip of nebulosity in SW side | 60 | Perseus |
4 | 3 | 44 | 2 | +31 47 | 5 | Very large; indefinite | 60 | Perseus | |
5 | 3 | 47 | 53 | +32 53 | 60 | 5 | Indefinite; elongated NE and SW; Eta Persei (mag 5.8) near NE side | 60 | Perseus |
6 | 3 | 56 | 23 | +56 7 | 4 | Round; indefinite | 28 | Camelopardalis | |
7 | 4 | 17 | 25 | +28 33 | 5 | Large, irregular, with brighter condensation (B 10) in SE part | 78 | Taurus | |
8 | 4 | 17 | 50 | +55 14 | ? | Center of a dark, irregular lane about 2.6 degrees long and 22' + or - across; very much like the dark lanes E. of Rho Ophiuchi | 28 3 | Camelopardalis | |
9 | 4 | 18 | +55 3 | ? | Dark, irregular vacancy. This is the middle of a great vacancy extending east and west, the continuous part of which is 2.5 degrees long and about .5 degree wide. It really extends in a more or less broken form for about 6 degrees. There is a wide region extending south of it for a couple of degrees, nearly to the star BD +53 750 (magnitude 5.0) whose position is 4h6m58s, N 53 18' (1875.0). To the east it breaks up into more or less separate spots, somewhat resembling those at the east end of the great lane from Rho Ophiuchi, but unlike that lane it does not originate in a larger vacant space or a nebula. Its borders are not so definite as the Rho Ophiuchi lane. It is approximately bounded by the coordinates 3h58m, N54.7 and 4h20m, N54.8. The individual positions of some of the spots are given in the catalogue. | 28 | Camelopardalis | ||
10 | 4 | 18 | 41 | +28 16 | 8 | 5 | The brightest part of B 7 | 78 | Taurus |
11 | 4 | 26 | 37 | +55 2 | 3 | East end of irregular lane, B 8 | 28 | Camelopardalis | |
12 | 4 | 29 | 47 | +54 14 | 24 | 5 | Isolated dark spot SE of B 11; irregularly round with extension E. from the NE side | 28 | Camelopardalis |
13 | 4 | 31 | 18 | +54 53 | 11 | 4 | Irregular; irregularly darker inside with a rather sharp, short, narrow extension toward the S. | 28 | Camelopardalis |
14 | 4 | 39 | 59 | +25 44 | 3 | ? | Very small, bright nebula; a bright spot in the dark nebula B 22. (Position given in Astrophysical Journal, 49:14, (1919ApJ.49.1B) in error by 10m in right ascension.) | 78 | Taurus |
15 | 4 | 31 | 56 | +46 37 | 13 | 5 | Elliptical; diameter 15' x 10' slightly NW and SE. One of the finest examples of a dark object seen against the ordinary sky and away from the Milky Way. The background on which the stars shine is uniform over the entire plate. The object is in a region somewhat larger than itself, where there are relatively few stars, and is black by contrast with the sky alone. It clearly shows the presence of a feeble uniform luminosity in space which, from the appearance of similar objects in widely different parts of the sky, leads to the belief that this feeble illumination of distant space is universal. If this object were seen against the star clouds of the Milky Way it would appear strikingly black. | 42 | Perseus |
16 | 4 | 32 | 26 | +46 36 | 5 | Very small; elongated N and S; close to SE edge of B 15 | 42 | Perseus | |
17 | 4 | 32 | 30 | +46 31 | 5 | Very small; elongated N and S; close to E edge of B 15 | 42 | Perseus | |
18 | 4 | 31 | 13 | +24 21 | 60 | 5 | Group of dark spots | 78 | Taurus |
19 | 4 | 33 | +26 16 | 60 | ? | Large, indefinite | 78 | Taurus | |
20 | 4 | 37 | 4 | +50 58 | 60 | 2 | In S part of larger, relatively vacant area; this is the dark object mentioned by Espin in Monthly Notices, 58, 334, (1898MNRAS..58..334E). It is close north of a small group of faint stars and is 6' or 8' in diameter. In a somewhat larger vacant space (sic). It is not so definite as B 15. | 42 | Perseus |
21 | 4 | 37 | 57 | +55 21 | 10 | 4 | Indefinite; irregularly round | 28 | Camelopardalis |
22 | 4 | 38 | +26 3 | 120 | 4 | Irregular; unequally dark; extended SE and NW; this is a very large region of obscure nebulosity with several darker streaks in it trending northwest. It is partly separated from another starless region lying about 2 degrees to the west and north. Near the middle of the first of these regions is a small luminous nebula with a faint fan-shaped extension for 10' to the northeast (B 14). This is undoubtedly a brighter condensation of the great obscuring mass surrounding it. The position of this small nebula is 4h32m20s, N25 30' (1875.0). | 78 | Taurus | |
23 | 4 | 40 | 33 | +29 52 | 5 | 5 | Sharply pointed to the SE; BD +29 728 (magnitude 6.5) in N part | 59 | Taurus |
24 | 4 | 42 | 53 | +29 44 | 8 | 5 | Sharply pointed to the S | 59 | Taurus |
25 | 4 | 52 | 4 | +46 0 | 8 | 3 | Irregularly round; a good example of a dark or more or less starless region. | 42 | Auriga |
26 | 4 | 54 | 38 | +30 37 | 5 | 6 | Irregular; B 26, 27, 28 are close NW of BD +30 741 (mag 6.8), which is involved in feeble nebulosity | 59 | Auriga |
27 | 4 | 55 | 8 | +30 33 | 5 | 6 | Irregular | 59 | Auriga |
28 | 4 | 55 | 52 | +30 38 | 4 | 6 | Irregular | 59 | Auriga |
29 | 5 | 6 | 23 | +31 35 | 10 | 6 | Round; indefinite | 59 | Auriga |
30 | 5 | 30 | 16 | +12 46 | 67 | 4 | Large dark area with few stars. There is a nebulous border, .5 degree wide, to the semi-vacant region extending 1 degree east and north from BD +12 803 (magnitude 7.0). Apparently this nebulous border extends many degrees east in a very diffused manner. There is a narrow dark lane extending south from the semi-vacant region, running close west of BD +12 803 to a point nearly 1 degree south of BD +12 801 (mag 6.9). There is a small fan-shaped nebula close north of small star in the position 5h24m30s, +12 3.9' (1875.0). A small strip of nebulosity extends 5' southwest from this star. These two nebulae are probably the brighter parts of a large obscure nebulosity. | 96 | Orion |
31 | 5 | 32 | 1 | +12 45 | 30 | 4 | Extended NE and SW; the E. and darkest part of B 30 | 96 | Orion |
32 | 5 | 32 | 8 | +12 25 | 3 | Dark projection from S. end of B 31 to the E. | 96 | Orion | |
33 | 5 | 40 | 52 | - 2 27 | 4 | 4 | Dark mass, on nebulous strip extending S from Zeta Orionis (see Astrophysical Journal, 38, 500, (1913ApJ....38..496B), and Plate XX) | 116 | Orion |
34 | 5 | 43 | 30 | +32 38 | 20 | 4 | Round; starless; indefinite | 59 | Auriga |
35 | 5 | 45 | 30 | + 9 3 | 15 | 2 | Elongated E and W, 20'x10', with an extension SE; three small stars N of it. | 96 | Orion |
36 | 5 | 49 | + 7 25 | 120 | 4 | Irregular, narrow dark lane, NE and SW. The NE end connects brokenly with B 35. Well shown on Plate 21, Lick Observatory Publications, 11, 1913. | 96 | Orion | |
37 | 6 | 32 | +10 28 | 175 | 4 | Irregular, semi-vacant region. This region is abruptly terminated on the S side by the nebulosity extending north from 15 Monocerotis. Its west side ends abruptly at 6h22m15s, +12 26' (1875.0). B 37, 38, and 39 are shown in Plates 28 and 29, Lick Observatory Publications, 11, 1913. | 96 | Monocerus | |
38 | 6 | 33 | 41 | +11 4 | 60 | 4 | Irregular vacancy. This seems to refer to a portion of B 37. | 96 | Monocerus |
39 | 6 | 38 | 2 | +10 19 | 5 | Small, sharply defined, elongated spot in the nebulosity NW of 15 Monocerotis. | 96 | Monocerus | |
40 | 16 | 14 | 38 | -18 58 | 15 | 3 | Diffused dark spot; small star in it. This spot and B 41 are connected with the great nebula about Nu Scorpii and are doubtless denser opaque masses of the nebula. There is a larger dark region belonging to this same system in B 43, from which broken dark lanes somewhat like those from Rho Ophiuchi, though less marked, run eastward for some degrees. | 147 | Scorpius |
41 | 16 | 22 | 17 | -19 37 | 45 | 3 | Diffused dark spot | 147 | Scorpius |
42 | 16 | 25 | -23 26 | 6 | Great nebula of Mu Ophiuchi; this object is put in the list because, though not wholly dark, it is partly so, and the evident obscuration produced by it puts it in the class for which the catalogue is made. The semi-vacant region in which this, the great nebula of Rho Ophiuchi, lies is about 3.5 degrees in diameter. For references to the visual discovery and early observations of this strange region see Astronomische Nachrichten, 138, 211, 1895; Popular Astronomy 5, 227, 1897; 14, 581, 1906; Lick Observatory Publications, 11, 19, 1913 and Plate 36. | 147 | Ophiuchus | ||
43 | 16 | 30 | -19 46 | 4 | Large dark region | 147 | Ophiuchus | ||
44 | 16 | 40 | -24 4 | 5 | Dark lane E. from Rho Ophiuchi region. This is the middle of the main part of the great vacant lane that runs east from the region of Rho Ophiuchi. It is about 32' wide and has its beginning in a vacant area in which is the star 22 Scorpii (CD -24 12695, magnitude 5.5). It runs slightly northeast to about 16h40m, -23 40' (1875.0). From this point it extends in a broken chain of dark spots to a little south of B 63. Its total length is therefore about 10 degrees. | 147 | Ophiuchus | ||
44a | 16 | 44 | 45 | -40 20 | 5 | 5 | Irregular; sharpest on SE side; CD -40 10662 (mag 9.0) close N. Apparently a real dark object. | 164 | Scorpius |
45 | 16 | 46 | -21 35 | 120 | 5 | Rather definite; Extended NE and SW with an irregular projection SW that connects it with the Rho Ophiuchi region. This appears to be a real, dark object. | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
46 | 16 | 57 | 12 | -22 43 | 6 | Irregular; definite; a string of small stars in the middle. | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
47 | 16 | 59 | 42 | -22 38 | 15 | 5 | Irregular; definite; connected with B 51 by two sharp lanes. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
48 | 17 | 1 | -40 41 | 40 | 5 | Fairly well defined; 15' W and N of CD -40 11088 (magnitude 8); seems to be a real object. | 164 | Scorpius | |
49 | 17 | 2 | 39 | -33 16 | 3 | Small; close SE of and involving CD -33 11668 (magnitude 9.3). | 164 | Scorpius | |
50 | 17 | 2 | 54 | -34 23 | 15 | 6 | Large, irregular dark space; this is an irregular square, sharply defined on the east side and diffused on the west, where there are broken extensions for 30'. The star CD -34 11418 (magnitude 9.8) is near the middle. The stars CD -34 11422 (magnitude 9.8) and -34 11427 (magnitude 9.9) are on the eastern border. | 164 | Scorpius |
51 | 17 | 4 | 44 | -22 15 | 20 | 6 | Definite; one of a straggling group toward the eastern end of the dark lane from Rho Ophiuchi. Two irregular, dark lanes run west from it to B 47. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
53 | 17 | 6 | -33 35 | 60 | 4 | Large; diffuse; extended N and S by 30'; curved toward the E at N end. | 164 | Scorpius | |
54 | 17 | 6 | 34 | -34 15 | 5 | 5 | Small; round; close S. of magnitude 11 star | 164 | Scorpius |
55 | 17 | 7 | 33 | -32 0 | 16 | 5 | Irregular; best defined SE.; CD -31 13582 (magnitude 8.9) near the center. | 164 | Scorpius |
56 | 17 | 8 | 48 | -32 5 | 3 | 5 | Small; close E of CD -31 13609 (magnitude 9.0). This seems to be a real object. | 164 | Scorpius |
57 | 17 | 8 | 22 | -22 49 | 5 | 6 | Elongated NE and SW | 146 | Ophiuchus |
58 | 17 | 11 | 12 | -40 24 | 30 | 6 | Slightly extended N and S; a darker core at NE side | 164 | Scorpius |
59 | 17 | 11 | 23 | -27 29 | 60 | 5 | Sink hole; at the W end of a wide broken lane from B 78 | 146 | Ophiuchus |
60 | 17 | 11 | 51 | -22 26 | 13 | 3 | Curved; extended NE and SW; this and B 57 are the most distinct of a group of dark spots SW of the square end of B 63. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
61 | 17 | 14 | 59 | -20 28 | 6 | Small; elongated E and W | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
62 | 17 | 16 | 12 | -20 52 | 19 | 6 | Very black in NW part; brightest of three stars in S part is BD -20 4690 (magnitude 9.4). Apparently a real object. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
63 | 17 | 16 | -21 28 | 60 | 3 | Large, definite, curved figure, convex to N; the W end abrupt; 97' E and W, 19' wide | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
64 | 17 | 17 | 18 | -18 29 | 6 | Cometary; W of M 9; This object is somewhat cometary in form and has a very black core or head that sharply abuts against the thick stratum of stars; from this it spreads out into a large dark area with much dark detail, filling quite a space close southwest of M 9. It thus resembles a dark comet with a dense and well-defined head and diffused widening tail. The position of the head is 17h9m57s, -18 20.6 (1875.0). | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
65 | 17 | 19 | 36 | -26 42 | 12 | 6 | Definite; elongated; 12' E and W | 146 | Ophiuchus |
66 | 17 | 19 | 57 | -26 53 | 8 | 6 | Definite; extended E and W; CD -26 12082 (magnitude 8.7) 5' from SE edge | 146 | Ophiuchus |
67 | 17 | 22 | 30 | -21 53 | 6 | Definite; extended N and S; connects B 65 and 66 | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
67a | 17 | 20 | 57 | -26 51 | 13 | 6 | Irregular; definite; BD -21 4591 (magnitude 9.5) in spot, near SE edge | 146 | Ophiuchus |
68 | 17 | 22 | 36 | -23 47 | 4 | 6 | Small; irregular; sharply defined; about 20' SW of B 72 | 146 | Ophiuchus |
69 | 17 | 22 | 55 | -23 55 | 6 | Very small; irregular; sharply defined; extends N and S 4' | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
70 | 17 | 23 | 32 | -24 2 | 4 | 4 | Sharply defined on W side | 146 | Ophiuchus |
71 | 17 | 23 | 2 | -24 0 | 1 | ? | Very small; extends 1.25', plus or minus | 146 | Ophiuchus |
72 | 17 | 23 | 35 | -23 37 | 6 | S-shaped; this is a striking object. It is a thin, curved black marking, the exact form of the letter S or the figure 5, as the imagination or point of view may dictate. The SE branch runs E for some distance passing close S of the star CD -23 13376 (magnitude 9.1). Its average thickness is about 2'-3'. The position in the catalogue is for the southern part of the figure, or the bottom of the S (see Astrophysical Journal, 49, (1919ApJ....49....1B), Plate III). | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
73 | 17 | 24 | 8 | -24 17 | 1 | ? | Very small; extended N and S 4' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
74 | 17 | 25 | 8 | -24 12 | 5 | Slightly curved, extending 5' N from CD -24 13325 (magnitude 7.1). Sharpest on W and S sides. | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
75 | 17 | 25 | 17 | -22 1 | 5 | Curved and scalloped marking; BD -21 4598 (magnitude 8.3) on N edge (see Astrophysical Journal, 49, Plate II, 1(1919ApJ....49....1B) | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
76 | 17 | 25 | -24 24 | 4 | Irregular, narrow black strip, 30' long E and W | 146 | Ophiuchus | ||
77 | 17 | 28 | -23 51 | 60 | 3 | Indefinite; connected by a vacant strip with B 78 | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
78 | 17 | 32 | -25 35 | 180 | 5 | Very large; CD -26 12152 (magnitude 6.2) S of the middle. This vacant region, with its extension to the west running south of Theta Ophiuchi, is visible to the naked eye (see Popular Astronomy, 14, 580, 1906.) | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
79 | 17 | 37 | 23 | -19 36 | 30 | 6 | 30' long SE and NW; narrow; sharply defined | 146 | Ophiuchus |
80 | 17 | 37 | 42 | -21 16 | 2 | 3 | Small, definite; 3' x 1', SW and NE; close SE of BD -21 4674 (magnitude 80 8.1). | 146 | Ophiuchus |
81 | 17 | 38 | 32 | -23 55 | ? | Very small; diffused; close SW of NGC 6401 | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
82 | 17 | 38 | 37 | -23 46 | 3 | Small; angular; well defined; 8' N of NGC 6401 | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
83 | 17 | 45 | 18 | -20 0 | 7 | 6 | Irregular; several small stars in it; narrow extension to the S | 146 | Ophiuchus |
83a | 17 | 38 | 58 | -24 10 | 4 | 6 | Small; definite; diam. 4', N and S; about 5' SE of BD -19 4698 (magnitude 9.5) | 146 | Ophiuchus |
84 | 17 | 46 | 25 | -20 15 | 6 | Irregular looped figure; sharply defined; 22' long E and W; extension from it 20' toward the NW. BD -20 4865 (magnitude 8.2) near W end and BD -20 4860 (magnitude 9.1) near east end. | 146 | Sagittarius | |
84a | 17 | 57 | 37 | -17 40 | 16 | 5 | Round; diam. 16', with extension 45' S; BD -17 4967 (magnitude 9.1) in center; perhaps some detail in it | 146 | Sagittarius |
85 | 18 | 2 | 25 | -23 1 | ? | Trifid nebula. This is the southern part of the Trifid nebula, NGC 6514. The dark markings in this nebula are too well known to insert in this catalogue. | 146 | Sagittarius | |
86 | 18 | 3 | 1 | -27 52 | 5 | 5 | Diam. 5'; edge of diffused nebulosity. For the visual discovery of this object see Astronomische Nachrichten 108, 370, 1884. | 146 | Sagittarius |
87 | 18 | 4 | 10 | -32 29 | 4 | "Parrot's head"; CD -3 13679 (magnitude 9.3) central; several smaller stars in it CD -32 13666 (magnitude 9.6) on NW edge. CD -32 13687 (9.6) on SE edge. | 163 | Sagittarius | |
88 | 18 | 4 | 35 | -24 6 | 2 | ? | Extended N and S; 2.7'x0.5'; in M8. There are other well-known markings in this nebula. This one and B 89 are given as illustrations of dark markings in the sky shown in relief against a nebulous or other luminous background. In this case there may be non-luminous opaque parts of the nebula itself. | 145 | Sagittarius |
89 | 18 | 4 | 59 | -24 21 | 0.5 | ? | Very small, diam. 0.5'; in M8 | 145 | Sagittarius |
90 | 18 | 10 | 14 | -28 16 | 3 | 5 | Irregular; elongated; 3' N and S | 145 | Sagittarius |
91 | 18 | 10 | 7 | -23 41 | 5 | 5 | Diam. 5'; edge of diffused nebulosity | 145 | Sagittarius |
92 | 18 | 15 | 35 | -18 13 | 12 | 6 | Black spot; 15' N and S, 9' E and W | 145 | Sagittarius |
93 | 18 | 16 | 53 | -18 3 | 2 | 4 | Cometary; a sharply defined black head 2' in diam., with a diffused tail 15' long running S; 20' NE of B 92 | 145 | Sagittarius |
94 | 18 | 25 | 53 | -10 39 | 15 | 4 | Roundish; diam. 15'; indefinite | 126 | Scutum |
95 | 18 | 25 | 35 | -11 44 | 30 | 5 | Large; indefinite; diam. 30'; elongated | 126 | Scutum |
96 | 18 | 26 | 24 | -10 17 | 4 | Small; indefinite; elongated E and W | 126 | Scutum | |
97 | 18 | 29 | 5 | - 9 55 | 60 | 4 | Irregular; not very definite; diam. 1 degree | 126 | Scutum |
98 | 18 | 33 | 16 | -26 3 | 3 | 6 | Very small; black; sharply defined; diam . 3' | 145 | Sagittarius |
99 | 18 | 33 | 17 | -21 28 | 7 | 3 | Definite; 11' long E. and W., 3' wide; E end is the larger, with a faint star in it. | 145 | Sagittarius |
100 | 18 | 32 | 41 | - 9 8 | 16 | 5 | Definite; irregular; curved; 16' long NW and SE | 125 | Scutum |
101 | 18 | 32 | 40 | - 8 48 | 8 | 5 | Definite; irregular; 13' long NE and SW; 4' wide; separated from B100 by a scattering of small stars.H91 | 125 | Scutum |
102 | 18 | 37 | 41 | -13 44 | 5 | 5 | Rather definite; elongated NE and SW, 8' x 3' | 125 | Scutum |
103 | 18 | 39 | 25 | - 6 40 | 4 | 6 | Irregular; diam. 4'; one small star in it | 125 | Scutum |
104 | 18 | 47 | 19 | - 4 32 | 16 | 5 | Small, definite, caret-shaped object | 105 | Scutum |
105 | 18 | 47 | 44 | - 6 54 | 0.5 | 4 | Very small; diam. .5'; close NE of BD -7 4710 (magnitude 8.9) | 125 | Scutum |
106 | 18 | 48 | 49 | - 5 4 | 2 | 6 | Diam. 2'; extended N and S; free of stars | 125 | Scutum |
107 | 18 | 49 | 30 | - 5 0 | 5 | 6 | Irregular; diam. 5'; free of stars | 105 | Scutum |
108 | 18 | 49 | 34 | - 6 18 | 3 | 3 | Very small; diam. 3'; not black; two narrow diverging lanes extending to the N; some small stars in it | 125 | Scutum |
109 | 18 | 49 | 36 | - 7 33 | 0.7 | 2 | Irregular; diam. .7'; close E of BD -07 4726 (magnitude 8.0) | 125 | Scutum |
110 | 18 | 50 | 8 | - 4 47 | 11 | 6 | Irregular; diam. 11'; | 105 | Scutum |
111 | 18 | 50 | - 4 57 | 120 | 3 | Region 2 degrees in diam., full of dark structures | 105 | Scutum | |
112 | 18 | 51 | 8 | - 6 40 | 18 | 4 | Diffused dark region; diam. 18' plus or minus; perhaps due to want of stars. | 125 | Scutum |
113 | 18 | 51 | 24 | - 4 19 | 16 | 5 | Irregular; diam. 16'; small star in W part | 105 | Scutum |
114 | 18 | 53 | 11 | - 6 56 | 6 | 5 | Diam. 6'; BD -7 4754 (magnitude 9.2) near middle; BD -7 4755 (magnitude 9.1) on S edge | 125 | Scutum |
115 | 18 | 53 | 19 | - 6 39 | 6 | 5 | Very small and black. Very narrow, running N and S for 7'; width 1.4'. It is in a small vacant region. | 125 | Scutum |
116 | 18 | 53 | 32 | - 7 10 | 3 | Narrow, semi-vacant region extending 20' S from BD -7 4755 (magnitude 9.1) | 125 | Scutum | |
117 | 18 | 53 | 42 | - 4 50 | 1 | 6 | Round; very black; diam. 1'; sharply defined | 125 | Scutum |
117a | 18 | 53 | 43 | - 7 24 | 7 | ? | Black; irregular; diam. 7' | 105 | Scutum |
118 | 18 | 53 | 55 | - 7 26 | 2 | 6 | Definite; diam. 2'; more definite and blacker than B 117 | 125 | Scutum |
119 | 18 | 54 | 36 | - 4 32 | 2 | Very small; close NW of BD -4 4623 (magnitude 9.2) | 105 | Scutum | |
119a | 18 | 54 | 39 | - 5 10 | 30 | 3 | Irregular dark region; diam. .5 degree; liberally sprinkled with stars in its NW half; several dark lanes in SE part | 105 | Scutum |
120 | 18 | 54 | 53 | - 4 35 | 2 | Very small; close SE of BD -4 4623 (magnitude 9.2); E side bounded by a curve of very small stars | 105 | Scutum | |
121 | 18 | 55 | 25 | - 4 36 | 2 | Small dusky spot; magnitude 12 star in center | 105 | Scutum | |
122 | 18 | 56 | 48 | - 4 45 | 4 | 5 | Small; diam. 4'; narrow extension 4' N | 105 | Scutum |
123 | 18 | 57 | 39 | - 4 43 | 1.5 | 5 | Roundish; diam. 1.5'; a narrow spur 4'-5' long from its NE edge; a narrow lane 18' long and 1.5' wide from its W side to the NW | 105 | Scutum |
124 | 18 | 57 | 41 | - 4 21 | 3 | ? | Small, dark spot; diam. 3' | 105 | Scutum |
125 | 18 | 58 | 21 | - 4 23 | 9 | ? | Dark; lune shaped; 9' E and W; fairly well-defined on N border; some faint stars in it | 105 | Scutum |
126 | 18 | 59 | 2 | - 4 31 | 8 | 4 | Dusky; round; rather definite; diam. 8' | 105 | Aquila |
127 | 19 | 1 | 31 | - 5 26 | 4.5 | 5 | Irregular; diam. 4.5' | 105 | Aquila |
128 | 19 | 1 | 40 | - 4 34 | 10 | ? | Irregular; dusky; fairly well defined; diam. 10' | 105 | Aquila |
129 | 19 | 2 | 4 | - 5 18 | 5 | 5 | Very black; sharply defined; diam. 5'; a small star at the W end | 105 | Aquila |
130 | 19 | 1 | 56 | - 5 34 | 7 | 5 | dusky; not well defined; length 7' | 105 | Aquila |
131 | 19 | 2 | 15 | - 4 22 | 3 | 5 | Black spot, about 2'x4' | 105 | Aquila |
132 | 19 | 4 | 27 | - 4 25 | 16 | 6 | Dark; fairly well-defined. Tadpole-shaped, 16' long E and W. Diameter of the larger (E) part 8', with BD -4 4680 (magnitude 9.0) in center. | 105 | Aquila |
133 | 19 | 6 | 12 | - 6 53 | 6 | Cometary; close W of BD -7 4852 (magnitude 9.2) | 125 | Aquila | |
134 | 19 | 6 | 53 | - 6 14 | 6 | 6 | Round; diam. 6'; dark, but not sharply defined; a small star on S edge; a similar one on N edge | 125 | Aquila |
135 | 19 | 7 | 32 | - 3 55 | 13 | 6 | Dusky spot; diam. 13'; BD -4 4698 (magnitude 9.2) on N border; BD -4 4702 (magnitude 9.2) on SE edge | 105 | Aquila |
136 | 19 | 8 | 49 | - 4 0 | 8 | 6 | Dusky spot; diam. 8'; 10 mag. star near middle | 105 | Aquila |
137 | 19 | 16 | 0 | - 1 19 | 3 | Projection near S end of B 138 | 105 | Aquila | |
138 | 19 | 16 | + 0 13 | 180 | 2 | Great curved, semi-vacant lane over 3 degrees in length | 105 | Aquila | |
139 | 19 | 18 | 0 | - 1 24 | 5 | Narrow black spot; 10 mag star on SE edge | 105 | Aquila | |
140 | 19 | 19 | 49 | + 5 13 | 60 | 3 | Semi-vacant region; diam. 1 degree | 105 | Aquila |
141 | 19 | 20 | 11 | + 1 53 | 20 | 1 | Semi-vacant region; N of the N end of B 138; diam. 20' | 105 | Aquila |
142 | 19 | 39 | 41 | +10 31 | 40 | 6 | Large; irregular; about 40' E and W; BD +10 4016 in E part | 85 | Aquila |
143 | 19 | 41 | 25 | +11 0 | 30 | 6 | Rather narrow, angular marking; the outline of a square 30' in diameter, with the W side missing. | 85 | Aquila |
144 | 19 | 58 | +35 20 | 270 | 1 | Large, semi-vacant region, 6 x 3 degrees, NE and SW; rather definite at NE end; diffused to the SE | 48 | Cygnus | |
145 | 20 | 2 | 49 | +37 40 | 45 | 4 | Sharply defined; 3/4 degree long E and W | 48 | Cygnus |
146 | 20 | 3 | 29 | +36 1 | 6 | Very small; like a dark border to the SW side of the star BD +35 3930 (mag. 7.0) | 48 | Cygnus | |
147 | 20 | 6 | 50 | +35 22 | 11 | 5 | Very narrow sinuous dark lane 11' long E and W; BD +34 3871 (mag. 8.3 at W end) | 48 | Cygnus |
148 | 20 | 47 | 42 | +59 37 | 3 | 5 | Very small; round; indefinite; diam. 3' | 20 | Cepheus |
149 | 20 | 49 | 1 | +59 31 | 2 | 5 | Very small; round; indefinite; diam. 2'. This spot and B 148 each in a larger dusky space. | 20 | Cepheus |
150 | 20 | 50 | 39 | +60 18 | 60 | 5 | Curved dark marking; 1 degree long | 20 | Cepheus |
151 | 21 | 8 | 13 | +56 19 | 60 | 5 | Very small; very dark; diam. 1 degree; about 14' N of BD +55 2529 (magnitude 7.5); apparently a real object in a slightly larger vacancy | 19 | Cepheus |
152 | 21 | 14 | 29 | +61 44 | 9 | 5 | Small; 15'x3' SE and NW | 19 | Cepheus |
153 | 21 | 21 | 3 | +56 26 | 60 | ? | Black; irregular; diam. 1 degree; 5' S of BD +55 2565 (magnitude 7.4) | 19 | Cepheus |
154 | 21 | 21 | 22 | +56 36 | 8 | 5 | Narrow; 8' long NE and SW; BD +55 2565 (magnitude 7.4) at the S end | 19 | Cepheus |
155 | 21 | 32 | 8 | +44 58 | 13 | 3 | Round; diam. 13'; indefinite; four small stars in a line crossing it E and W | 31 | Cygnus |
156 | 21 | 33 | 59 | +45 35 | 8 | 3 | Diam. 8'; sharp pointed to N; BD +44 3865 (magnitude 4.1) in center | 31 | Cygnus |
157 | 21 | 33 | 41 | +54 40 | 5 | 4 | Round; diam. 5'; 8' plus or minus W of BD +54 2576 (magnitude 8.3); a semicircle of faint stars forms the western border | 19 | Cygnus |
158 | 21 | 37 | 13 | +43 24 | 3 | ? | Dark spot; diam. 3'; similar to those in the region of B 159. There are some others N and W of this | 31 | Cygnus |
159 | 21 | 38 | 22 | +43 13 | 25 | 5 | Irregular partially vacant region; diam. 25' | 31 | Cygnus |
160 | 21 | 37 | 58 | +56 13 | 31 | 4 | Large, dark; irregular; diam. 31' NE and SW | 19 | Cepheus |
161 | 21 | 40 | 22 | +57 49 | 3 | 6 | Small, black spot. This is one of the comet-shaped objects. The head is very sharp and black, 3' across. This extends north for some 3', then widens out into a less dense tail about 13' long. | 19 | Cepheus |
162 | 21 | 41 | 9 | +56 19 | 13 | 4 | Very thin, curved dark strip, 13' N and S; a curve of small stars on the SW end. | 19 | Cepheus |
163 | 21 | 42 | 10 | +56 42 | 4 | Small; very black; pointed to the S; two dark streams running from this to the N | 19 | Cepheus | |
164 | 21 | 46 | 31 | +51 5 | 20 | 5 | V-shaped vacancy; 20' N and S | 19 | Cygnus |
165 | 21 | 48 | 56 | +60 12 | 18 | 5 | Length E and W 18', width 1'; BD +59 2424 (magnitude 7.8) near the E end | 19 | Cepheus |
166 | 21 | 51 | 5 | +60 5 | 5 | 5 | Round; diam 5'; small star on SW edge | 19 | Cepheus |
167 | 21 | 51 | 58 | +60 4 | 5 | 5 | Small; irregularly round; diam 5'; about 7' N of BD +59 2427 (magnitude 7.7) | 19 | Cepheus |
168 | 21 | 53 | 20 | +47 16 | 10 | 4 | Small nebula at E end of dark lane. This nebula is 10' in diameter with over a dozen stars of different magnitudes in it. There is no central condensation, nor does the nebula condense about any of the stars. There are some dark markings in it. The dark lane is 1.7 degrees long and 9' wide (see Lick Observatory Publ., 11, Plate 81). | 31 | Cygnus |
169 | 21 | 58 | 52 | +58 45 | 60 | 3 | Elliptical black ring; diam. 1 degree. This encloses an "island" of small stars. The The dark ring is broadest on its east side where its thickness is 22'. The northern part is very black and straight. BD +58 2371 (magnitude 8.5) is in the northeast part of the "island" of stars. | 19 | Cepheus |
170 | 21 | 58 | 2 | +58 57 | 15 | 4 | Irregular black strip 26' long NE and SW, 4' wide. This is the northwest border of the island of small stars. It is sharply defined and darker than the sky. | 19 | Cepheus |
171 | 22 | 1 | 18 | +58 52 | 91 | 5 | Irregular, broken region; diam. 19'; at the E end of the "island" of small stars. | 19 | Cepheus |
173 | 22 | 7 | 28 | +59 40 | 4 | 6 | Diam. 4'; rather definite; a small star on N edge and one on SW edge | 19 | Cepheus |
174 | 22 | 7 | 19 | +59 4 | 19 | 6 | Narrow; irregular; 19' long NE and SW | 19 | Cepheus |
175 | 22 | 14 | +69 56 | 60 | ? | Large; diam. 1 degree; bright nebula in N part. This is a large dark spot, extended north and south, 62' in its largest diameter. In its upper part is the star BD +69 1231 (magnitude 8.8), which is nebulous. This is apparently a large dark nebula, the brighter part of which forms the star +69 1231. In Monthly Notices, 69 (1908MNRAS..69..117W), Dr. Max Wolf gives a photograph of the nebula, stating that the object was discovered by Dr. Kopff at Heidelberg on October 12, 1908. It is conspicuous on a photograph of mine made with the Willard lens at the Lick Observatory, September 24, 1895, with 5h0m exposure. It is also shown on a photograph of mine made with the Bruce telescope, July 20, 1904, with an exposure of 3h1m. By inadvertence reference to this object was omitted in Lick Observatory Publications, 11, where it is cut out by the matting in Plate 83. | 9 3 | Cepheus | |
201 | 2 | 13 | 0 | +57 5 | 10 | ? | Small; diam. 10'; 45' W of NGC 869 | 29 | Perseus |
202 | 3 | 25 | 38 | +30 16 | 22 | 4 | Elongated NW and SE, 33'x12' | 60 | Aries |
203 | 3 | 25 | 50 | +30 46 | 4 | Elongated E and W; BD +30 539 (magnitude 9.0) in N ed | 60 | Aries | |
204 | 3 | 28 | 29 | +30 11 | 14 | 5 | Irregular; diam. 14' plus or minus; 15' SW of BD +29 566 (magnitude 6.8) | 60 | Aries |
205 | 3 | 28 | 32 | +31 6 | 15 | 5 | Two dark strips, 15' long N and S, with BD +30 547 (magnitude 9.3) between them; close SW of BD +30 548 (neb.) | 60 | Perseus |
206 | 3 | 29 | 9 | +30 11 | 5 | 5 | Diffused; diam. 5' plus or minus | 60 | Aries |
207 | 4 | 4 | 35 | +26 20 | ? | Small black spot, elongated nearly N and S; 7' N of BD +25 670 (magnitude 8.3) | 78 | Taurus | |
208 | 4 | 11 | 32 | +25 9 | ? | Darker spot in dark lane | 78 | Taurus | |
209 | 4 | 12 | 23 | +28 19 | ? | Center of a broad extension from B 7, toward the W | 78 | Taurus | |
210 | 4 | 15 | 33 | +25 3 | 5 | Darker spot in dark lane | 78 | Taurus | |
211 | 4 | 17 | 12 | +27 48 | 5 | North end of dark lane running SE from B 7; extends from position given 4h20m0s, +25 50' (1875.0) (B 217) | 78 | Taurus | |
212 | 4 | 19 | 14 | +25 18 | 5 | Darker spot in dark lane | 78 | Taurus | |
213 | 4 | 21 | 10 | +27 3 | ? | Dark spot in lane | 78 | Taurus | |
214 | 4 | 21 | 55 | +28 32 | 5 | ? | Diam. 5'; close N of BD +28 645 (magnitude 9.1) | 78 | Taurus |
215 | 4 | 23 | 34 | +25 2 | 5 | Darker spot in dark lane | 78 | Taurus | |
216 | 4 | 23 | 59 | +26 37 | ? | Dark spot in lane | 78 | Taurus | |
217 | 4 | 27 | 38 | +26 7 | ? | Southeast end of dark lane running from B 7 | 78 | Taurus | |
218 | 4 | 28 | 9 | +26 16 | 15 | ? | Triangular; diam. 15'; extension to the S | 78 | Taurus |
219 | 4 | 34 | +29 35 | 120 | 5 | Partly vacant space; 55' x 3 degrees, NE and SW | 78 | Taurus | |
220 | 4 | 41 | 30 | +25 59 | 7 | ? | Round, diam. 7'; feebler extension runs NW for 1 degree; BD +25 723 (magnitude 8.3) near W edge | 78 | Taurus |
221 | 4 | 44 | +31 44 | 45 | ? | Partly vacant region; diam. about 3/4 degree | 59 | Auriga | |
222 | 5 | 8 | 23 | +32 10 | 10 | ? | Round; indefinite; diam. 10' | 59 | Auriga |
223 | 5 | 21 | 28 | + 8 19 | 8 | ? | Fan-shaped nebula; diam. 8' plus or minus. This nebula is close southwest of, and apparently attached to, BD +8 933 (magnitude 6.5). It is possibly the bright part of an obscuring nebula. | 96 | Orion |
224 | 5 | 23 | 54 | +10 37 | 20 | ? | Indefinite; diam. 20' | 96 | Orion |
225 | 5 | 28 | +11 36 | ? | South end of extension running S for 35' from B 30 | 96 | Orion | ||
226 | 5 | 36 | 34 | +33 42 | 17 | ? | Dark spot; diam. 17'; S of M 36 | 59 | Auriga |
227 | 6 | 7 | 23 | +19 39 | 12 | ? | Round, diam. 12'; one or two faint stars in it | 76 | Orion |
228 | 15 | 44 | -34 30 | 240 | 6 | Large vacant region about 4 degrees long NW and SE. This vacant region is about 4 degrees long, extending from RA=15h31m, dec=-32 45' to RA=15h43m, dec=-35 30' (1875.0). Its average width is about 1/2 degree. It is strongest mark at the north end. There are fragments of other dark markings several degrees west of this. | 165 | Lupus | |
229 | 16 | 17 | -27 18 | 45 | ? | Indefinite, partially vacant region; diam. 3/4 deg | 147 | Scorpius | |
230 | 16 | 27 | -16 47 | 60 | ? | Round; diam. about 1 degree | 127 | Ophiuchus | |
231 | 16 | 38 | 24 | -35 25 | 30 | 6 | Dusky; diam. 30'; sharpest on W side, diffuses to the E | 164 | Scorpius |
232 | 16 | 43 | 44 | -39 49 | 10 | ? | Dusky; 10' N and S; 2 small stars in it | 164 | Scorpius |
233 | 16 | 44 | 45 | -35 24 | 37 | 5 | Diffused; 55' N and S; 20' wide | 164 | Scorpius |
234 | 16 | 46 | 26 | -30 28 | 18 | 1 | Narrow; nearly 1/2 degree long, 6' wide | 164 | Scorpius |
235 | 16 | 47 | 6 | -44 28 | 7 | 6 | Diam. 7'; elongated NE and SW; darkest part at SW end | 181 | Scorpius |
236 | 16 | 48 | -29 48 | ? | Center of system of indistinct dark lanes | 146 | Scorpius | ||
237 | 16 | 48 | 55 | -29 58 | 37 | 1 | Dark lane N of CD -30 13487 (magnitude 8.0). Beginning about 10' NW of CD -30 13487 (magnitude 8.0) this dark lane runs NE for 37' and then turns abruptly to the E for 18'. | 146 | Scorpius |
238 | 16 | 52 | 21 | -23 7 | 13 | 6 | Irregular; diam. 13'; BD -22 4323 (magnitude 8.0) on NW edge | 146 | Ophiuchus |
239 | 16 | 55 | -31 7 | 15 | 1 | Curved; 15' long; very black and narrow; rimmed with stars on S and E sides. | 164 | Scorpius | |
240 | 16 | 59 | 17 | -35 21 | 20 | ? | Black; diam. 20' | 164 | Scorpius |
241 | 16 | 59 | 27 | -30 11 | 12 | 2 | Dusky; diffused; 18' long E and W, 6' wide; about 20' W of M 62 | 164 | Ophiuchus |
242 | 17 | 5 | 6 | -32 25 | 19 | ? | Dusky; elongated E and W, 30'x8' | 164 | Scorpius |
243 | 17 | 9 | 46 | -29 34 | 25 | 3 | Very irregular; diam. 25' | 164 | Ophiuchus |
244 | 17 | 10 | 51 | -28 24 | 25 | 5 | Irregular; sharpest on W side; about 30' long N and S, 20' wide; from S end a narrow projection runs W for about 10'. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
245 | 17 | 11 | 55 | -29 24 | 8 | 3 | Round; diffused; diam. 8'; several bright stars in it | 146 | Ophiuchus |
246 | 17 | 12 | 1 | -22 39 | 15 | 3 | Irregular; diam. about 15' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
247 | 17 | 13 | 6 | -30 15 | 4 | 3 | Black; diam. 4' | 164 | Scorpius |
248 | 17 | 13 | 4 | -28 59 | 10 | 5 | Irregular; 10' E and W | 146 | Ophiuchus |
249 | 17 | 13 | 4 | -29 9 | 13 | 5 | Very thin, short, black line, 5' long, 20' plus or minus wide 25' NW of NGC 6304; small star at NE end | 146 | Ophiuchus |
250 | 17 | 13 | 2 | -28 24 | 15 | 4 | Diffused; diam. 15' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
251 | 17 | 13 | 48 | -20 9 | 13 | 3 | Dusky; elongated NE and SW, 20'x5' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
252 | 17 | 15 | 18 | -32 8 | 20 | 5 | Triangular; 20' N and S; eastern side diffused. Abrupt dark marking in a bright, apparently nebulous, region. CD -31 13763 (magnitude 7.7) near northeast end. | 164 | Scorpius |
253 | 17 | 15 | -22 33 | 60 | ? | Irregular dark region; diam. nearly 1 degree; BD -22 4307 (magnitude 8.8) in W part. | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
254 | 17 | 20 | 29 | -30 7 | 40 | 5 | Irregular; diffused; elongated E and W, 1 degree x 20' | 164 | Scorpius |
255 | 17 | 20 | 35 | -23 27 | 5 | 5 | Dusky; diam. 5' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
256 | 17 | 22 | 12 | -28 49 | 50 | 5 | Very irregular and diffused; 50' E and W; BD -28 13101 (magnitude 7.7) near E end. | 146 | Ophiuchus |
257 | 17 | 22 | 46 | -35 37 | 15 | 5 | Dusky spot; diam. 15'; about 10' NW of CD -35 11505 (magnitude 6.7) | 164 | Scorpius |
258 | 17 | 22 | 57 | -34 43 | 40 | ? | Irregular area of dark markings; diam. 40' plus or minus | 164 | Scorpius |
259 | 17 | 22 | 1 | -19 17 | 30 | 4 | Irregular dark area; diam. 1/2 degree; BD -19 4605 (magnitude 6.5) on W border; BD -19 4617 (magnitude 7.8) in E part | 146 | Ophiuchus |
260 | 17 | 24 | 48 | -25 37 | 10 | ? | Diffused; elongated N and S, 12'x7' | 146 | Ophiuchus |
261 | 17 | 25 | 4 | -23 2 | 10 | 4 | Elongated E and W, 14'x5'; diffused on S side, reaching almost to CD -23 13378 (magnitude 7.6), about 18' SE of the center | 146 | Ophiuchus |
262 | 17 | 25 | -22 36 | 30 | 4 | Large dark region; diam 1/2 degree; diffused except on N border. A hooklike projection from the west side, with the star BD -22 4338 (magnitude 9.6) on west end of this hook | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
263 | 17 | 26 | 56 | -42 46 | 30 | 5 | Diam. 30' NE and SW | 181 | Scorpius |
264 | 17 | 27 | 12 | -25 31 | 10 | 4 | Narrow; black; 10' E and W; bends N at E end; 15' W of CD -25 12179 (magnitude 7.3) | 146 | Ophiuchus |
265 | 17 | 27 | 36 | -25 11 | 12 | 4 | Irregular; 18' N and S; 7' wide; diffused on E side; about 5' W of CD -25 12171 (magnitude 9.2) | 146 | Ophiuchus |
266 | 17 | 28 | 7 | -20 56 | 30 | 3 | Curved; 30' long NE and SW; BD -20 4775 (magnitude 7.8) just S of S edge | 146 | Ophiuchus |
267 | 17 | 28 | 31 | -25 13 | 4 | 5 | Small; very black; elongated NW and SE, 5'x3'; CD -25 12177 (magnitude 9.3) at NW end | 146 | Ophiuchus |
268 | 17 | 31 | -20 30 | 75 | 4 | Irregular dark area, 1 3/4 degree N and S; 50' wide | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
269 | 17 | 32 | 13 | -22 45 | 60 | ? | Dusky region, 1 degree long NW and SE; BD -22 4369 (magnitude 7.5) near SE end | 146 | Ophiuchus |
270 | 17 | 32 | 43 | -19 35 | 11 | 5 | Round; diam. 11'; in NE part of B 268 | 146 | Ophiuchus |
271 | 17 | 34 | -34 15 | 120 | ? | Dusky; curved; 2 degrees N and S; 10' plus or minus wide; CD -33 12241 (magnitude 8.7) near N end | 164 | Scorpius | |
272 | 17 | 37 | -23 24 | 45 | 3 | Region of irregular dark markings; diam. 45'; CD -23 13469 (magnitude 8.0) near middle. | 146 | Ophiuchus | |
273 | 17 | 38 | 29 | -33 20 | 15 | ? | Dark spot at N end of B 271; diam. 15' | 164 | Scorpius |
274 | 17 | 38 | 3 | -22 43 | 18 | 4 | Triangular; definite; 18' N and S; BD -22 4383 (magnitude 7.5) in N end | 146 | Ophiuchus |
275 | 17 | 38 | 59 | -32 19 | 13 | 4 | Round; diam. 13'; about 20' W of M6. | 164 | Scorpius |
276 | 17 | 39 | 39 | -19 49 | 45 | 6 | Broken region of dark markings; diam. 3/4 degree; BD -19 4677 (magnitude 8.3) in NW part | 146 | Ophiuchus |
277 | 17 | 40 | 44 | -23 4 | 18 | 4 | Narrow; 18' long E and W; BD -22 4387 (magnitude 8.3) at W end. A less distinct branch running 30' plus or minus to the SE forms a large V, open to the E | 146 | Ophiuchus |
278 | 17 | 42 | 39 | -32 18 | 15 | 4 | Round; diam. 15'; about 30' E of M 6 | 164 | Scorpius |
279 | 17 | 44 | -22 33 | 60 | 3 | Irregular dark area; diam. 1 degree; BD -22 4405 (magnitude 7.3) near N edge; BD -22 4411 (magnitude 8.7) in E part | 146 | Sagittarius | |
280 | 17 | 44 | 57 | -20 43 | 60 | 3 | Irregular dusky area; diam. 1 degree plus or minus | 146 | Sagittarius |
281 | 17 | 46 | 47 | -23 43 | 2 | Dark loop close E of CD -23 13548 (magnitude 8.1) | 146 | Sagittarius | |
282 | 17 | 48 | 36 | -23 27 | 18 | ? | 18' long NE and SW; sharp on NW side; CD -23 13589 (magnitude 8.0) near SE end | 146 | Sagittarius |
283 | 17 | 51 | -33 52 | 75 | 5 | Irregular, dusky area 1 1/2 degree plus or minus E and W, 1 degree N and S | 164 | Scorpius | |
284 | 17 | 50 | 6 | -14 22 | 25 | ? | Curved; 35' NE and SW, 5' wide; outline sharp except at SW end; BD -14 4780 (magnitude 8.0) about 5' NW of the center | 126 | Serpens Cauda |
285 | 17 | 51 | 32 | -12 52 | 15 | ? | Diffused; diam. 15' | 126 | Serpens Cauda |
286 | 17 | 53 | 3 | -35 37 | 15 | ? | Diffused; diam. 15' plus or minus; CD -35 12013 (magnitude 7.1) in SW part | 164 | Scorpius |
287 | 17 | 54 | 26 | -35 11 | 30 | 5 | Irregular, semi-vacancy; diam. 1/2 degree plus or minus; SE of M 7 | 164 | Scorpius |
288 | 17 | 57 | 6 | -37 5 | 2 | ? | Black; diam. 2'; diffuses toward NE; 25' SW of CD -36 12060 (magnitude 6.3) | 163 | Scorpius |
289 | 17 | 56 | 36 | -29 1 | 25 | 4 | Dark space between clouds, about 7'x35' | 146 | Sagittarius |
290 | 17 | 59 | 20 | -37 8 | 3 | ? | Very small; diam. 3' plus or minus; extends N faintly for 25' to and beyond CD -36 12060 (magnitude 6.3) | 163 | Corona Australis |
291 | 17 | 59 | 43 | -33 53 | 5 | ? | Small, round, black; diam. 5'. CD -33 12697 (magnitude 8.3) is on the east edge of this spot; a very faint star in the center. A dark lane 2' wide runs southerly from the spot for a distance of 25' and ends in a dark broken region. From the eastern side of the lane, 8' south of the star, a similar dark lane runs easterly, then north, for 35', ending in the broken region B 292. | 163 | Scorpius |
292 | 18 | 0 | 34 | -33 20 | 60 | ? | Irregular, broken, dark region; diam. 1 degree | 163 | Sagittarius |
293 | 18 | 1 | 12 | -35 20 | 18 | ? | Dusky; curved; like an inverted U, 18' across; CD -35 21259 (magnitude 8.5) near the center. | 163 | Sagittarius |
294 | 18 | 1 | 30 | -28 36 | 3 | 3 | Definite; diam. 3'; star in SW part | 145 | Sagittarius |
295 | 18 | 4 | 5 | -31 9 | 50 | 4 | Irregular, dark region, diam. 50'; full of rich, soft details of an apparently nebulous character | 163 | Sagittarius |
296 | 18 | 4 | 4 | -24 31 | 4 | ? | Narrow; black; 6'x1'; on S edge of M 8 | 145 | Sagittarius |
297 | 18 | 4 | -18 44 | 75 | 3 | Region of irregular, dark markings, 2 degrees E of M 23; 1 1/2 degree E and W and about 1 degree N and S | 145 | Sagittarius | |
298 | 18 | 5 | 11 | -30 5 | 4 | ? | Small; diam. 4'; 5' SE of NGC 6528 | 163 | Sagittarius |
299 | 18 | 6 | 20 | -27 17 | 3 | Several small spots in star cloud, each about 3' in diameter | 145 | Sagittarius | |
300 | 18 | 7 | 1 | -32 39 | 4 | Broken dark region about 30' E of B 87 | 163 | Sagittarius | |
301 | 18 | 8 | 50 | -18 42 | 30 | 3 | Dusky lane; 45' plus or minus long NE and SW; 2' wide | 145 | Sagittarius |
302 | 18 | 9 | 13 | -23 58 | 30 | 5 | Dark spot; diam. about 1/2 degree; close N of CD -24 13962 (magnitude 7.8) | 145 | Sagittarius |
303 | 18 | 9 | 28 | -23 59 | 1 | 5 | Very black; lune shaped, convex to E; diameter about 1'; 3' SE of CD -24 13962 (magnitude 7.8) | 145 | Sagittarius |
304 | 18 | 13 | -18 43 | 3 | Dusky lanes in star cloud extending toward the SW from B 92 for 1 1/2 degrees | 145 | Sagittarius | ||
305 | 18 | 14 | 37 | -31 48 | 13 | ? | Dark; irregular; diam. 13'. Dark streamers radiate from this spot to the north for more than 3/4 degree and broken ones for 1/2 degree toward the southwest. | 163 | Sagittarius |
306 | 18 | 15 | 44 | -25 42 | 4 | 3 | Small, narrow, black; 4' long NE and SW; CD -25 12920 (magnitude 8.2) 5' SW of W end; similar to B 249 | 145 | Sagittarius |
307 | 18 | 18 | 38 | -17 57 | 6 | 3 | SW of W end; similar to B 249 | 145 | Sagittarius |
308 | 18 | 19 | 8 | -22 14 | 6 | 3 | Curved; dusky; 7' E and W, 5' wide | 145 | Sagittarius |
309 | 18 | 23 | 8 | -24 1 | 5 | ? | Irregular; dusky; diam. 5' | 145 | Sagittarius |
310 | 18 | 30 | 13 | -18 35 | 2 | 3 | Diam. 2'; small star near center; 20' SW of BD -18 4988 (magnitude 6.0 | 145 | Sagittarius |
311 | 18 | 30 | 27 | -17 40 | 6 | 4 | Black; elliptical; diam. 6' NE and SW; in a semi-vacant strip 35' long | 145 | Sagittarius |
312 | 18 | 32 | -15 34 | 75 | 4 | Large, dark area; 1 3/4 degree NW and SE, about 30' wide. This dark area is almost elliptical in form. It is sharply defined on its north and northwest sides, but is diffused to the south, and elsewhere. There is a heavy sprinkling of small stars all over it. | 125 | Scutum | |
313 | 18 | 35 | 56 | -15 41 | 15 | ? | Narrow; curved; 15' E and W | 125 | Scutum |
314 | 18 | 37 | 4 | - 9 42 | 35 | 5 | Irregular, dusky marking; 35' long NE and SW | 125 | Scutum |
315 | 18 | 42 | 18 | -20 1 | 5 | 3 | Round; dark; diam. 5' | 145 | Sagittarius |
316 | 18 | 41 | 50 | - 2 8 | 6 | 4 | Dark; diam. 6'; sharp on its S end, gradually diffusing to the N into a wide open space | 105 | Aquila |
317 | 18 | 45 | 46 | -14 12 | 20 | 4 | Dusky; 30' NE and SW, 5' wide | 125 | Scutum |
318 | 18 | 49 | 42 | - 6 23 | 60 | 2 | Long, straight, dark line. This dusky line, just S of M 11, extends E and W for about 1 1/2 degrees. It is uniformly about 2' wide. | 125 | Scutum |
319 | 18 | 51 | 58 | - 1 16 | 7 | ? | Thin, curved, dark marking; length 7'; BD -1 3586 (magnitude 9.5) at the NE end. | 105 | Aquila |
320 | 18 | 52 | 47 | - 5 51 | 15 | 4 | Irregular; diam. 15' plus or minus; BD -6 4941 (magnitude 7.5) near center; at S end of the large crescent-shaped marking, B 111 | 105 | Scutum |
321 | 18 | 54 | 2 | -11 17 | 13 | 3 | Dusky; 15' long E and W, 7' wide; BD -11 4795 (magnitude 7.8) near W end | 125 | Scutum |
322 | 18 | 55 | 47 | - 4 27 | 2 | ? | Very small; black; diam. 2'; at NE end of the "crescent", B 111 | 105 | Scutum |
323 | 18 | 57 | 34 | - 3 25 | 17 | ? | A dark parallelogram, 17' N and S; BD -3 4423 (magnitude 9.2) in W part | 105 | Serpens Cauda |
324 | 18 | 59 | 22 | - 2 59 | 30 | 3 | Definite, dusky loop. The crooked dusky lane forming this marking is 2'-4' wide. The length of the E side is 35'. The conspicuous star in the NE part of the loop is BD -3 4439 (magnitude 7.4). | 105 | Aquila |
325 | 18 | 59 | 53 | - 4 3 | 15 | ? | Irregular; dusky; 15' NW and SE | 105 | Aquila |
326 | 19 | 3 | - 0 23 | 20 | 2 | Narrow; 25' long E and W; 3' wide | 105 | Aquila | |
327 | 19 | 4 | 26 | - 5 7 | 25 | 3 | Curved, dusky lane; 30' N and S; 3' wide | 105 | Aquila |
328 | 19 | 4 | 49 | - 4 14 | 4 | 6 | Small, black; diam. 4'; 13' S of BD -4 4684 (magnitude 5.7) | 105 | Aquila |
329 | 19 | 6 | 59 | + 3 11 | 6 | 2 | Dusky spot in star cloud; diam. 6' plus or minus; BD +2 3789 (magnitude 9.0) near E edge | 105 | Aquila |
330 | 19 | 19 | 33 | + 7 33 | 30 | 4 | Dark; round; diam. 30'; BD +7 4028 (magnitude 7.8) on NE border | 85 | Aquila |
331 | 19 | 26 | + 7 34 | 40 | 1 | Dusky, narrow lane 1 degree long NW and SE, 3' wide | 85 | Aquila | |
332 | 19 | 28 | + 8 45 | 1 | Area of dark lanes. A black spot, connected with these lanes, is located about 15' N of BD +8 4112 (magnitude 7.5) | 85 | Aquila | ||
333 | 19 | 28 | +10 40 | 60 | 3 | Area of irregular dark lanes; diam. 1 degree plus or minus; the irregular lanes have a uniform width of about 2' or 3' | 85 | Aquila | |
334 | 19 | 35 | 6 | +12 19 | 3 | 4 | Small, dark marking; diam. 3' | 85 | Aquila |
335 | 19 | 36 | 54 | + 7 36 | 6 | 6 | Small; very black; diam+H55. 6'; in a slightly larger dusky area; BD +7 4151 (magnitude 7.8) near its SW edge | 85 | Aquila |
336 | 19 | 36 | 41 | +12 20 | 2 | 5 | Dark; diam. 1'-2'; in a slightly larger vacant space; BD +11 3912 (magnitude 8.6) in SW part | 85 | Aquila |
337 | 19 | 37 | 0 | +12 23 | 3 | 4 | Dark; diam. 3', with narrow extension for 17' to NW. This small spot, with its narrow extension, is in a relatively darker space in the star cloud. | 85 | Aquila |
338 | 19 | 43 | 2 | + 7 27 | 8 | 3 | Dusky; diam. 8'; just S of BD +7 4191 (magnitude 8.8); in S part of B 339 | 85 | Aquila |
339 | 19 | 44 | + 8 17 | 60 | 2 | Broken, dusky region covering more than 1 degree | 85 | Aquila | |
340 | 19 | 48 | 44 | +11 24 | 7 | 5 | Irregular, curved; diam. 7'; 25' S of BD +11 3994 (magnitude 5.8); a narrow extension for 15' to the N | 85 | Aquila |
341 | 19 | 50 | 1 | +34 16 | 30 | 3 | Narrow, dark lane, about 30' E and W. This is one of several similar dark lines in this region. They are very clear cut and narrow, not more than 1.5' wide. | 48 | Cygnus |
342 | 20 | 9 | 30 | +41 12 | 4 | 4 | Small, dark marking; 4' E and W | 32 | Cygnus |
343 | 20 | 13 | 26 | +40 16 | 13 | 5 | Elongated; 13' long NW and SE; sharpest at SE end; several stars in S part; 10' plus or minus E of BD +39 4082 (magnitude 7.5) | 32 | Cygnus |
344 | 20 | 16 | 12 | +40 13 | 7 | 3 | Dusky spot, 7' long; like an arrowhead, pointed SW; small star at NE end | 32 | Cygnus |
345 | 20 | 21 | 0 | +46 33 | 15 | ? | Curved; convex to the E; 15' long; bordered by two parallel curves of small stars. | 32 | Cygnus |
346 | 20 | 26 | 46 | +43 44 | 10 | 3 | Curved, black spot; diam. 10'; embraces to the N a triangular mass of small stars | 32 | Cygnus |
347 | 20 | 28 | 27 | +39 54 | 1 | 4 | Dark streak in nebulous cloud; less than 1' wide, extending 10' SW from BD +39 4206 (magnitude 8.8) | 48 | Cygnus |
348 | 20 | 34 | +42 5 | 60 | 3 | Narrow, dusky; nearly 1 degree long NE and SW. The southwest end of this dusky lane curves west and then north, curving around the star BD +41 3799 (magnitude 6.7). | 32 | Cygnus | |
349 | 20 | 47 | 24 | +43 57 | 6 | ? | Small, curved, dusky; diam. 6'. Elongated north and south, with dusky extension running 15' NW. A short line of small stars close west. | 32 | Cygnus |
350 | 20 | 49 | 6 | +45 52 | 3 | 6 | Small, round, dusky; diam. 3'; 14' S of BD +45 3291 (magnitude 5.6) | 32 | Cygnus |
351 | 20 | 52 | 27 | +47 24 | 20 | ? | Crooked, dusky lane, 3' wide, 25' long NE and SW; 1/2 degree W of BD +46 3111 (magnitude 6.0) | 32 | Cygnus |
352 | 20 | 57 | 10 | +45 53 | 22 | 5 | Large; black; diam. 22'; sharply defined on SE side; a row of five stars runs nearly N and S across its E end | 32 | Cygnus |
353 | 20 | 57 | 22 | +45 28 | 9 | ? | Definite; dusky; 12' N and S; 6' wide | 32 | Cygnus |
354 | 20 | 58 | +58 9 | 60 | 2 | Dusky; irregular; 1 degree NE and SW | 19 | Cepheus | |
355 | 20 | 59 | 38 | +43 11 | 5 | ? | Dark; definite; 5' E and W; like a letter V - the open end toward the E | 32 | Cygnus |
356 | 20 | 59 | 58 | +46 41 | 24 | 5 | Irregular; dusky; diam. 24; BD +46 3141 (magnitude 7.6) on SE border; irregular extension for 1 1/2 degree toward the NE | 32 | Cygnus |
357 | 20 | 59 | 52 | +55 34 | 30 | 5 | Irregular; dusky; diam. 30; BD +55 2495 (magnitude 7.9) in NW edge; BD +54 2455 (magnitude 9.0) near center | 19 | Cepheus |
358 | 21 | 5 | 40 | +43 16 | 20 | ? | Diam. 20'; diffuses to NE; a curve of stars along N edge; BD +42 3960 (magnitude 9.5) at W side | 32 | Cygnus |
359 | 21 | 6 | 46 | +57 10 | 20 | 5 | Narrow; dusky; 20' long NE and SW; BD +56 2527 (magnitude 8.7) about 7' W of SW end. | 19 | Cepheus |
360 | 21 | 7 | 52 | +56 30 | 54 | 5 | Irregular, dark marking. This, together with the dusky space in which B 151 is located, forms an irregular, zigzag marking 54' long. | 19 | Cepheus |
361 | 21 | 12 | 45 | +47 25 | 20 | 4 | Round; diam. 20'; irreg. extension to W for 1/2 degree, plus or minus | 32 | Cygnus |
362 | 21 | 23 | 57 | +50 12 | 15 | 5 | Elongated; 15' NE and SW; BD +49 3517 (magnitude 9.0) on NE edge | 32 | Cygnus |
363 | 21 | 24 | 53 | +48 56 | 40 | 3 | Irregular; dusky; 40' long NE and SW; BD +48 3390 (magnitude 5.5) 7' plus or minus E of SE side | 32 | Cygnus |
364 | 21 | 34 | +54 33 | 75 | 5 | Region of many small dark lanes; diam. 1 1/4 degree | 19 | Cygnus | |
365 | 21 | 34 | 53 | +56 43 | 22 | 4 | Dark S-shaped object; 22' long N and S; BD +55 2604 (magnitude 9.0) near SW end | 19 | Cepheus |
366 | 21 | 40 | 21 | +59 34 | 10 | 3 | Roundish; dusky; diam. 10'; 12' S of BD +59 2409 (magnitude 6.9); two small stars on N border | 19 | Cepheus |
367 | 21 | 44 | 24 | +57 10 | 5 | 5 | Small; dark; 5' NW and SE; about 5' NW of BD +56 2635 (magnitude 9.5) | 19 | Cepheus |
368 | 21 | 50 | 55 | +58 59 | 14 | 5 | Dusky spot, 14' long NE and SW; a row of small stars in it; about 4' SW of BD +58 2340 (magnitude 9.0) | 19 | Cepheus |
369 | 22 | 15 | 54 | +56 1 | 5 | 3 | Round; dusky; diam. 5'; about 13' NE of BD +55 2709 (magnitude 7.8) | 19 | Cepheus |
370 | 22 | 34 | +56 38 | ? | Region of narrow dark lanes | 19 | Lacerta |
Notes:
1 Deep Sky Field Guide
2 Uranometria, second edition
3 Not Plotted